Parathyroidectomy, the surgical removal of the parathyroid gland or glands, can normalize PTH levels by addressing the source of the elevated hormone, which is often a hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland or adenoma. The goal of the procedure is to remove the excess tissue, allowing the remaining healthy parathyroid tissue to regulate calcium and PTH levels within the normal range.
Here’s a more detailed explanation:
Identifying the Problem:
In primary hyperparathyroidism, a parathyroid gland or glands produce too much PTH, leading to elevated calcium levels.
Surgical Removal:
Parathyroidectomy aims to remove the hyperfunctioning gland(s) or adenoma.
Normalizing PTH Levels:
By removing the source of the excessive PTH production, the remaining parathyroid tissue can then regulate calcium and PTH levels within the normal range.
Feedback Mechanism:
The body uses a feedback loop to control PTH levels. When calcium levels are too high, the parathyroid glands are signaled to reduce PTH production.
Post-Surgery Monitoring:
After parathyroidectomy, calcium and PTH levels are monitored to ensure they return to normal.
Normocalcemic Hyperparathyroidism:
In some cases, despite normalized calcium levels, PTH may remain elevated. This condition is known as normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism and may require further investigation.