Dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) is an autoimmune skin condition characterized by intensely itchy, blistering rashes primarily on the elbows, knees, buttocks, and scalp. It’s strongly associated with celiac disease, an autoimmune condition that damages the small intestine when gluten is ingested. DH is also known as Duhring’s disease.
Here’s a more detailed breakdown:
Appearance:
DH presents with small, clustered papules and vesicles (bumps and blisters). These lesions tend to appear symmetrically on the body, often on the elbows, knees, buttocks, and scalp.
Symptoms:
Besides the visible rash, DH causes intense itching and burning sensations. The itching is so severe that people may scratch the lesions, leading to erosions and excoriations.
Association with Celiac Disease:
Most people with DH also have celiac disease, an autoimmune condition that affects the small intestine. Celiac disease is triggered by gluten, a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye.
Diagnosis:
A skin biopsy is often the first step in diagnosing DH. Direct immunofluorescence testing can reveal IgA (immunoglobulin A) deposits in the skin, which is a hallmark of DH.