Discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), a chronic skin disorder, is characterized by persistent, coin-shaped, scaly plaques, often found on the face, scalp, and ears. It’s an autoimmune condition where the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks skin cells, leading to inflammation and the characteristic rash. While not usually painful or itchy, DLE can cause scarring, hair loss, and changes in skin pigmentation.
Key Characteristics of Discoid Lupus:
Lesions:
Round, coin-shaped plaques with a scaly surface, often with a reddish or purple hue.
Location:
Commonly affects the face, scalp, ears, and neck, but can occur on other areas.
Progression:
Lesions may expand, develop into thicker, more inflamed plaques, and eventually cause scarring, atrophy (thinning of the skin), and scarring alopecia (hair loss).
Triggers:
Sun exposure and trauma (Koebner phenomenon) can worsen lesions.
Systemic Involvement:
Unlike systemic lupus erythematosus, DLE primarily affects the skin and does not usually involve internal organs.
Diagnosis:
Usually based on clinical appearance, but a skin biopsy can confirm the diagnosis.